依存関係のライブラリがコンパイルするJavaのバージョンが異なる罠

nazology.net

⇧ amazing...

依存関係のライブラリがコンパイルするJavaのバージョンが異なる罠

なんか、JUnitを実行しようとしたら、

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException; nested PropertyAccessExceptions (1) are:
PropertyAccessException 1: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'driverClassName' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: oracle/jdbc/driver/OracleDriver has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 55.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0
	at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:135)
	at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:79)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1740)
	... 141 more

⇧ ってエラーが出たんですよ、Oracle Database接続に必要なJDBCドライバーで、Javaのバージョンが合わないって怒られてますと。

55と52の違いということで、

major version number of the class file format being used.

Java SE 19 = 63 (0x3F hex),
Java SE 18 = 62 (0x3E hex),
Java SE 17 = 61 (0x3D hex),
Java SE 16 = 60 (0x3C hex),
Java SE 15 = 59 (0x3B hex),
Java SE 14 = 58 (0x3A hex),
Java SE 13 = 57 (0x39 hex),
Java SE 12 = 56 (0x38 hex),
Java SE 11 = 55 (0x37 hex),
Java SE 10 = 54 (0x36 hex),
Java SE 9 = 53 (0x35 hex),
Java SE 8 = 52 (0x34 hex),
Java SE 7 = 51 (0x33 hex),
Java SE 6.0 = 50 (0x32 hex),
Java SE 5.0 = 49 (0x31 hex),
JDK 1.4 = 48 (0x30 hex),
JDK 1.3 = 47 (0x2F hex),
JDK 1.2 = 46 (0x2E hex),
JDK 1.1 = 45 (0x2D hex).
For details of earlier version numbers see footnote 1 at The JavaTM Virtual Machine Specification 2nd edition

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file

⇧ Wikipediaさんの情報によりますと、Java SE 8とJava SE 11の違いですと。

で、JavaからOracle Databaseに接続するためのJDBCドライバの対応表を確認したところ、

www.oracle.com

https://www.oracle.com/jp/database/technologies/faq-jdbc.html

⇧ とのこと。

で、pom.xmlを確認してみたところ、

■変更前

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-mvc-jsp</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
		<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
		<org.springframework-version>5.3.24</org.springframework-version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<!-- Spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Servlet -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.3.3</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Database -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbutils/commons-dbutils -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
			<version>1.7</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.oracle.database.jdbc/ojdbc11 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
			<artifactId>ojdbc11</artifactId>
			<version>21.8.0.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Lombok -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<version>1.18.24</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
					<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project> 

■変更後

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-mvc-jsp</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
		<maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
		<org.springframework-version>5.3.24</org.springframework-version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<!-- Spring -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Servlet -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.3.3</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp.jstl/jstl -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Database -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbutils/commons-dbutils -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
			<version>1.7</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.oracle.database.jdbc/ojdbc11 -->
		<!--
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
			<artifactId>ojdbc11</artifactId>
			<version>21.8.0.0</version>
		</dependency>
-->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.oracle.database.jdbc/ojdbc8 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
			<artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
			<version>21.9.0.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Lombok -->
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<version>1.18.24</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml>
					<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

で、動いたんやけど、Tomcatで動かしてた時は、エラーが出なかったの何でだろう？と思ったら、

Tomcatで動いてるJavaのバージョンが11だったという...

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今回はこのへんで。